The Anthropocene is a term for a geological epoch following the Holocene, dating from the starting point of significant human impact on Earth up to the present day. Some people may see this as having begun with the colonization of the Americas around 1610 or with the years of the Industrial Revolution around 1760-1840. The 1940s and 1950s brought the “Great Acceleration” with major technological advances with nuclear weapons and the use of petroleum products.

Do you have a smartphone, iPad, computer, or other electronic devices?

Wear apparel like clothes and shoes that are made of polyester, nylon, or spandex?

Enjoy driving on paved roads?

Use cosmetics, eyeglasses, pharmaceuticals?

Live with the convenience of plastic products and packaging of items from the grocery store?

Use electricity, plumbing, and air conditioning in your car, home, or office?

How many of the former are you willing to give up to reduce the impact on the environment?

In recent years, there has been an increased interest among Americans to reduce the use of petroleum-based products. A desire to minimize climate change and other environmental concerns has driven this shift. Many concerned citizens, activists, and politicians, advocate for reducing the nation’s dependence on petroleum, looking for a future where alternative sources of energy may replace fossil fuels. While this goal is commendable, it often ignores the deeply embedded role that petroleum and its based products play in almost every aspect of daily life. Way beyond fueling combustion vehicles and equipment of many types, petroleum is fundamental to the production of countless products that Americans and the rest of the world use daily. Consequently, reducing petroleum use is more complex than it appears, and to ignore this reality may be, in many ways, delusional.

One of the most commonly seen and experienced uses of petroleum is in transportation. Gasoline and diesel power are still the majority of vehicles on the road despite the rise of electric cars and hybrid vehicles. Gas combustion engines remain the primary method of transportation for most Americans. The infrastructure supporting these gas vehicles is also dependent upon petroleum. Roads are paved with asphalt, which is a petroleum byproduct, as vehicles themselves run on tires made from petroleum-derived materials. Even with a focused push toward electric transportation, roads, and tires remain essential to everyday living, along with countless other petroleum-based components.

Beyond transportation, petroleum’s contribution to consumer goods is far-reaching. Many Americans might not know that much of the clothing they wear consists of synthetic fabrics like polyester and nylon, which are both made from petroleum. The decades-old popularity of athletic and leisurewear, known for its comfort and durability, further binds the average consumer to petroleum-based products. The dependency doesn’t end there. Plastic packaging, found in almost every store, business, office, and household, is made from petroleum. From food containers to household and industrial cleaning supplies, petroleum-based plastics make daily life more convenient, despite their environmental impact. Single-use plastics such as grocery bags, fast-food containers, and water bottles are common examples of how petroleum has become embedded into our daily routines.

Petroleum is also vital to the healthcare and pharmaceutical industries. Plastics are fundamental for the packaging of healthcare products, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and medical devices. Various synthetic drugs depend on petrochemicals for their production, and plastic-based medical equipment and instruments are vital to maintaining sterile environments in hospitals and clinics. Healthcare as we know it, would not exist without the use of petroleum-based products. American society’s dependency on this resource is far more complex than simply putting gas in a car.

Petroleum’s importance also extends into the technology sector. From smartphones to computers, electronics are filled with various components made from petroleum-based plastics. Household and office wiring use insulation materials, necessary for transmitting electricity and data, which also come from petroleum. This technology in electronics is used by activists to spread awareness about climate change, ironically using petroleum products in their design and functionality. This creates quite a paradox where there is a desire to eliminate petroleum use, but where one of the fastest-growing sectors of the economy, technology, remains deeply intertwined with it.

Understanding this complex network of petroleum dependencies, the ongoing demonization of petroleum companies by some individuals, activists, and politicians seems somewhat disconnected from reality. Petroleum extraction and its usage indeed have significant environmental consequences. However, the idea that we can simply eliminate petroleum from our lives without enduring major disruptions and/or changes to our daily routines, technological advancements, and healthcare systems is quite unrealistic. The thrust to demonize petroleum companies often disregards the benefits petroleum provides in many various sectors of society, extending well beyond just transportation and energy.

Renewable energy sources have increased and hopefully will continue to grow, however, the transition away from petroleum will be a long and expensive evolution. Actions that will reduce petroleum use should be based on valid information and on the reality that petroleum plays an irreplaceable role in many critical industries. Instead of focusing only on eliminating petroleum, perhaps a more balanced approach is needed. Advocacy actions should bring to light the need to reduce unnecessary wasteful petroleum consumption while also acknowledging its key applications in areas like public healthcare and technology.

To completely abandon petroleum is somewhat delusional. The transition toward a more sustainable future will require significant changes in habits, infrastructure, manufacturing, and attitudes. It will also require a more broad view of petroleum, where its environmental impacts are managed through logic, innovation, and compromise. Instead of demonizing petroleum in its entirety, actions should focus on lessening the environmental footprint of its extraction and use, while simultaneously encouraging the development of realistic alternatives.

In conclusion, the push to reduce petroleum use in America is understandable and necessary for addressing climate change as well as other environmental concerns. However, the reality is that petroleum is deeply rooted in the fabric of modern life. From the vehicle we drive to the clothes and shoes we wear, the healthcare we receive, and the technology we are reliant on and often addicted to, petroleum touches almost every aspect of society. Moving away from petroleum will be a very complicated and gradual evolutionary process, requiring foresight, logic, innovation, balance, and a realistic understanding of its current function in our daily lives. The path to a sustainable future must address both the need for change and the reality of our current dependence on petroleum.

References:

Malhi, Y., Environmental Change Institute, School of Geography and the Environment, & University of Oxford. (2017). The concept of the anthropocene. In Annual Review of Environment and Resources (p. 25.1-25.28). http://www.zeeli.pro.br/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/2017-MALHI-The-concept_of_the_anthrop.pdf

Petroleum products – Illinois Petroleum Resources Board. (2023, September 27). Illinois Petroleum Resources Board. https://iprb.org/industry-facts/petroleum-products/

McDaniel, W. (2024, May 14). Fact Sheet: Everyday Products & Uses — COGA. COGA. https://www.coga.org/factsheets/everyday-products-uses

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